Cylindryczna wie\u017ca stoj\u0105ca samotnie w dolnym Bergamo jest jedynym dowodem na istnienie staro\u017cytnych \u015bredniowiecznych mur\u00f3w obronnych miasta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":87952,"template":"","categories":[],"tags":[],"aggr":[],"area":[867],"kind":[18682],"zona":[18762],"class_list":["post-87951","oggetto","type-oggetto","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","area-bergamo","kind-poi-pl","zona-bergamo-pl"],"acf":{"iu_shortprice":"","button_icon":"none","latitude":"45.700528","longitude":"9.679140","startingprice":"","gpxmap":"","iu_addr_postalcode":"","iu_addr_city":"Bergamo","iu_email":"","iu_phone":"","iu_cell":"","id_visit_manza":"3176","iu_motor_accessibility":"no","iu_visual_accessibility":"notsure","iu_auditory_accessibility":"notsure","iu_cognitive_accessibility":"notsure","tcm_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"title","title_tag":"h3","title_text":"Arkusz danych"},{"acf_fc_layout":"text","text":""}],"id_madeep":"","iu_manager":"","description":"
Bergamo jest znane na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie ze swoich weneckich mur\u00f3w obronnych, kt\u00f3re pochodz\u0105 z XVI wieku i nadal s\u0105 widoczne w ca\u0142ej okaza\u0142o\u015bci.<\/p>\n
Warto jednak wiedzie\u0107, \u017ce ju\u017c w \u015bredniowieczu pot\u0119\u017cna rodzina Visconti, kt\u00f3ra rz\u0105dzi\u0142a Bergamo (a tak\u017ce mi\u0119dzy innymi Mediolanem), zleci\u0142a budow\u0119<\/strong> tak zwanego “Muraine”:<\/strong> muru obronnego, kt\u00f3ry mia\u0142 broni\u0107 wiosek, kt\u00f3re rozwin\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 na przestrzeni wiek\u00f3w wzd\u0142u\u017c szlak\u00f3w \u0142\u0105cz\u0105cych miasto z s\u0105siednimi miastami.<\/p>\n Prace te uzupe\u0142ni\u0142y fortyfikacje zbudowane na wzg\u00f3rzach, gdzie zamek San Vigilio zwie\u0144czy\u0142 aparat obronny miasta.<\/p>\n Wzd\u0142u\u017c obwodu Muraine<\/strong> znajdowa\u0142o si\u0119 sze\u015b\u0107 bram, kt\u00f3re \u0142\u0105czy\u0142y Bergamo z drogami na zewn\u0105trz: ufortyfikowane i wyposa\u017cone w mosty zwodzone nad fos\u0105, wej\u015bcia te pe\u0142ni\u0142y r\u00f3wnie\u017c funkcje kontroli celnej, otwieraj\u0105c si\u0119 rano i zamykaj\u0105c wieczorem.<\/p>\n Pas Muraine<\/strong> obejmowa\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c 31 kwadratowych wie\u017c i jedn\u0105 okr\u0105g\u0142\u0105; zosta\u0142y one ca\u0142kowicie rozebrane w 1901 roku, kiedy wjazd do miasta sta\u0142 si\u0119 ponownie wolny i nie by\u0142o ju\u017c potrzeby p\u0142acenia c\u0142a, op\u0142aty za wst\u0119p.<\/p>\n Wci\u0105\u017c jednak zachowa\u0142 si\u0119 jeden \u015blad: okr\u0105g\u0142a Torre del Galgario<\/strong> (nazwa pochodzi od calchera lub calcarium, piec do wypalania wapna), kt\u00f3ra by\u0142a jedn\u0105 z kluczowych wie\u017c tego systemu obronnego, po\u0142o\u017con\u0105 w strategicznym miejscu, poniewa\u017c by\u0142 to punkt przeci\u0119cia wielu szlak\u00f3w drogowych, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 nadal szeroko u\u017cywane.<\/p>\n","slides":[{"image":{"ID":87952,"id":87952,"title":"muraine e torre 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i Torre del Galgario","hero_text":" Cylindryczna wie\u017ca stoj\u0105ca samotnie w dolnym Bergamo jest jedynym dowodem na istnienie staro\u017cytnych \u015bredniowiecznych mur\u00f3w obronnych miasta.<\/p>\n","filotto":{"filotto_title":"","filotto_sub":"","filotto_layout":"scroll","filotto_fill":"manual","filotto_items":false,"filotto_fill_conditions":{"or_filter":false,"only_ambassadors":false,"max_elements":"0","show_total":false,"see_all":false,"custom_show_all_page":null,"order_by":"","order_way":""}},"filotto_fill":"manual","hero_type":"images","iu_addr_province":"","filotto_items":false,"accessibilitycontent":{"tcm_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"title","title_tag":"h3","title_text":"Arkusz 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